Sub-nanosecond operation of nonvolatile memory

Although its range of application is limited at this stage, it is expected that in the near future, IoT will be widely applied and will play important roles in fields such as security, automated driving, social infrastructure and disability aid.

An integrated circuit, or microcontroller unit, is the brain in the IoT society, where information is acquired, processed, and transmitted. Thus, development of device technologies to make integrated circuits ultralow-power and high-performance, or high-speed, is of great importance for the progress of the IoT society.

In terms of low-power, the use of nonvolatile memories is known to be effective. On the other hand, in terms of high-performance, it has been difficult for the nonvolatile memories which are both currently available (commercialised) and under development (not commercialised yet) to achieve the speed comparable to the one realised with currently-used volatile static random access memories.

The research group at Tohoku University had previously announced that they had developed a new-structure nonvolatile magnetic memory device. The device has a three-terminal configuration, which is different from the two-terminal magnetic memory device that is just about to hit the market.

The device uses a new scheme of spin-orbit torque-induced magnetisation switching, which has been predicted to be suitable for the fast control of magnetisation.

 Here, the group fabricated the developed new-structure device and successfully demonstrated 0.5-nanosecond operation with a sufficiently small current. The achieved speed is comparable to the highest class of static random access memories currently available.

The group members showed that the current required to switch the magnetisation does not significantly change with the operation speed unlike the case for the conventional two-terminal magnetic memory devices where the required current increases as the speed increases.

They also addressed several issues of the spin-orbit torque-induced switching device. They achieved an external-field-free switching and a reduction of switching current density by improving the structure and material systems.

The present work is expected to pave the way for the realisation of ultralow-power and yet high-performance microcontroller units that are indispensable for the future progress of IoT societies.