5G multisector antenna achieves world’s first demonstration using 28GHz

Yokohama National University, NTT DOCOMO, NIHON DENGYO KOSAKU, and Fujitsu have announced that they successfully demonstrated a 5G indoor base station incorporating a multisector antenna using a 28GHz band on 27^th January. The device, which incorporates circuitry just one-tenth the size of a conventional indoor base station, is extra small for easy installation and minimises energy consumption whilst achieving highly efficient signal propagation, all of which will contribute to the realisation of high-quality connectivity indoors.

The demonstration, in which a conventional 5G base station control unit communicated with the new device via a 28GHz signal, confirmed that a single multisector antenna can receive radio waves in all directions using radio beam control. DOCOMO previously measured the directivity of a single element in a multisector antenna in 2022, but the DOCOMO believes that this was the world's first demonstration to use a multisector antenna in a 5G base station equipped for radio beam control.

A multisector antenna divides its surrounding 360-degree space into multiple sectors for transmitting and receiving radio waves simultaneously and independently in each sector. The antenna used in the demonstration contained 12 directional elements arranged in a radial pattern, each of which effectively transmitted and received radio waves in a specific direction. A Yagi-Uda antenna developed originally for television broadcasting was deployed for the high-frequency band. Conventionally, multiple multielement planar-array antennas are required to propagate high-frequency radio waves to all areas of an indoor environment, requiring large circuitry that consumes significant amounts of energy and demands ample space for installation.

By using 5G-standardised beam-switching technology, however, the newly demonstrated multisector antenna incorporated in a small base station managed to achieve high gain in all directions with minimised energy consumption. Installing the envisioned device on ceilings will help to deliver high-frequency radio waves effectively throughout each room, thus reducing the number of base stations needed to construct high-quality indoor communication environments.

High-frequency radio waves have strong linearity, and their strength tends to diminish easily, making it difficult to deliver such waves over wide areas. Conventionally, four or more base station antennas are required to transmit radio waves in all directions in a room, but the recent demonstration has now shown that just one multisector antenna can handle the task.

Going forward, DOCOMO plans to conduct verification tests using the new base station in various indoor environments, based on which it intends to finalise the antenna circuitry and incorporate it in commercial base stations for the establishment of high-quality indoor communication environments at a reduced cost. In addition, the Yokohama National University, DOCOMO, NIHON DENGYO KOSAKU, and Fujitsu will work towards 5G evolution & 6G in order to achieve compatibility with future mobile networks' high-frequency millimetre and terahertz waves for the further enhancement of indoor connectivity.

DOCOMO will introduce these initiatives at DOCOMO Open House '23, which will be held online from 2^nd February.